JWST NIRSpec spectroscopy of the triply-lensed $z = 10.17$ galaxy MACS0647$-$JD

Author:

Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Abdurro'uf, Dan Coe, Rebecca L. Larson, Intae Jung, Matilde Mingozzi, Pratika Dayal, Nimisha Kumari, Vasily Kokorev, Anton Vikaeus, Gabriel Brammer, Lukas J. Furtak, Angela Adamo, Felipe Andrade-Santos, Jacqueline Antwi-Danso, Marusa Bradac, Larry D. Bradley, Tom Broadhurst, Adam C. Carnall, Christopher J. Conselice, Jose M. Diego, Megan Donahue, Jan J. Eldridge, Seiji Fujimoto, Alaina Henry, Svea Hernandez, Taylor A. Hutchison, Bethan L. James, Colin Norman, Hyunbae Park, Norbert Pirzkal, Marc Postman, Massimo Ricotti, Jane R. Rigby, Eros Vanzella, Brian Welch, Stephen M. Wilkins, Rogier A. Windhorst, Xinfeng Xu, Erik Zackrisson, Adi Zitrin

Keyword:

Astrophysics, Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)

journal:

date:

2023-05-03 16:00:00

Abstract

We present JWST/NIRSpec prism spectroscopy of MACS0647-JD, the triply-lensed $z \sim 11$ candidate discovered in HST imaging and spatially resolved by JWST imaging into two components A and B. Spectroscopy of component A yields a spectroscopic redshift $z=10.17$ based on 7 detected emission lines: CIII] $\lambda\lambda$1907,1909, [OII] $\lambda$3727, [NeIII] $\lambda$3869, [NeIII] $\lambda$3968, H$\delta$ $\lambda$4101, H$\gamma$ $\lambda$4340, and [OIII] $\lambda$4363. These are the second-most distant detections of these emission lines to date, in a galaxy observed just 460 million years after the Big Bang. Based on observed and extrapolated line flux ratios we derive a gas-phase metallicity $Z =$ log(O/H) = $7.5 - 8.0$, or $(0.06 - 0.2)$ $Z_\odot$, ionization parameter log($U$) $\sim -1.9\pm0.2$, and an ionizing photon production efficiency ${\rm log}(\xi_{\rm ion})=25.2\pm0.2\,$erg$^{-1}$ Hz. The spectrum has a softened Lyman-$\alpha$ break, evidence for a strong Ly$\alpha$ damping wing, suggesting that MACS0647-JD was unable to ionize its surroundings beyond its immediate vicinity ($R_{\text{HII}} \ll 1$ pMpc). The Ly$\alpha$ damping wing also suppresses the F150W photometry, explaining the slightly overestimated photometric redshift $z = 10.6 \pm 0.3$. MACS0647-JD has a stellar mass log($M/M_\odot$) = $8.1 \pm 0.3$, including $\sim$ 6$\times 10^7 M_\odot$ in component A, most of which formed recently (within $\sim$ 20 Myr) with a star formation rate $2\pm1 M_\odot$ / yr, all within an effective radius $70\pm24\,$pc. The smaller component B ($r \sim 20$) pc is likely older ($\sim$100 Myr) with more dust ($A_V \sim 0.1$ mag), as found previously. Spectroscopy of a fainter companion galaxy C separated by a distance of \about\ 3$\,$kpc reveals a Lyman break consistent with $z = 10.17$. MACS0647-JD is likely the most distant galaxy merger known.

PDF: JWST NIRSpec spectroscopy of the triply-lensed $z = 10.17$ galaxy MACS0647$-$JD.pdf