Gravitational form factors of the proton from lattice QCD

Author:

Daniel C. Hackett, Dimitra A. Pefkou, Phiala E. Shanahan

Keyword:

High Energy Physics - Lattice, High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)

journal:

MIT-CTP/5630,FERMILAB-PUB-23-592-T

date:

2023-10-11 16:00:00

Abstract

The gravitational form factors (GFFs) of a hadron encode fundamental aspects of its structure, including its shape and size as defined from e.g., its energy density. This work presents a determination of the flavor decomposition of the GFFs of the proton from lattice QCD, in the kinematic region $0\leq -t\leq 2~\text{GeV}^2$. The decomposition into up-, down-, strange-quark, and gluon contributions provides first-principles constraints on the role of each constituent in generating key proton structure observables, such as its mechanical radius, mass radius, and $D$-term.

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